Biology Notes - 749 Words

4-1 The high concentration of urea might unfold proteins because urea is a very good hydrogen donor and hydrogen acceptor. Urea molecules are basically able to fit in between hydrogen bonds and eventually destabilize the structures of the proteins. 4-6 A. If you were to have a feedback inhibition from Z that affects BïÆ'  C it would mean that there would be an increased pathway form BïÆ'  XïÆ'  YïÆ'  Z. B. If you had a feedback inhibition from Z that affects YïÆ'  Z would keep the amounts of X and Y the same but it would hinder the amount of X. C. If Z is a positive regulator for the step BïÆ'  X that means that there would be more Z produced to help B get through X and the rest of the pathway. D. If Z is a positive regulator for the step BïÆ'  C this would be a†¦show more content†¦F. True; Allosteric enzymes do have two or more binding sites which actually work as regulator sites apart from the active site. G. False; Noncovalent bonds can act together forming the three-dimensional structure. H. False; Affinity chromatography doesn’t separate specific macromolecules because of the interactions with ligands, but because of their charge. I. False; It is the opposite way around, the larger the organelle, the more centrifugal force it experiences. 4-14 A. ES in this equation represents the Enzyme Substrate. B. The first step is shown with bidirectional arrows because you can actually turn an enzyme substrate back to just an enzyme and a substrate but it is very hard to turn an enzyme product back. C. E is an enzyme catalyst so it appears at both ends of the equation. D. High concentrations of P often inhibit the enzyme because it can inhibit the activation by lowering the concentration of the free E. E. X would ultimately be an inhibitor to the reaction. In the reaction P has to be made before preventing the reaction so it would take longer than X considering X would be present at the beginning. 4-18 The enzyme most likely has a mutation which causes its structure to not be that stable hence the heat-inactivation. The enzyme must have a polypeptide chain that is denatured from a temperature increase collectively but when the temperature is decreased they most of the time do not refoldShow MoreRelatedNotes of Biology1706 Words   |  7 PagesQ1:Why is reproduction essential for organisms? Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all living organisms. It is a biological process through which living organisms produce offspring’s similar to them. Reproduction ensures the continuance of various species on the Earth. In the absence of reproduction, the species will not be able to exist for a long time and may soon get extinct. Q2:Which is a better mode of reproduction sexual or asexual? Why? Sexual reproduction is a better mode of reproductionRead MoreA Short Note On The Biology Of Retinoblastoma1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe Biology of Retinoblastoma Abstract Retinoblastoma is a cancer that develops in the retina of the eye, predominantly in young children. It occurs due to the mutation in the Rb gene, leading to the production of a dysfunctional Rb protein that cannot bind to a transcriptional factor in order to prevent further progression in the cell cycle. Consequently, uncontrolled proliferation takes place which results in a cancer developing. Two forms of the disease exist; familial and sporadic. In the familialRead MorePreliminary Biology Yearly Notes6280 Words   |  26 PagesBiology Year 11 Yearly Notes Chapter One – A local ecosystem 1.1 Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments -Ecosystem: any environment containing living organisms interacting with each other and with the non-living parts of that environment. -Environment: the environment of an organism is its surroundings, both living and non-living -Habitat: the habitat of an organism is the place where it lives. Australian Environments * Terrestrial environments are environments on land. 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Key citation: Ma, X.Y., Ma, C.X. and Wang, J.H. (2014) Endometrial Carcinogenesis and Molecular Signaling Pathways. American Journal of Molecular Biology, 4, 134-149. 1.2. What is the normal function of the target? 10% ÃŽ ²-catenin is a proto-oncogene and it is encoded by CTNNB1 gene. It forms a component of the E-cadherin – catenin unit which plays essential roles in the cell differentiation andRead MoreBIOLOGY GRADE 11 NOTES Essay examples6702 Words   |  27 Pagesï » ¿Biology Grade 11 Exam Study Guide Diversity Taxonomic Categories Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Hierarchy From most general to most specific Binomial Nomenclature System used to identify all organisms on Earth Identifies an organism by its genus and species (ex. Humans-homo sapiens) Developed by Linnaeus in the 18th century Identifying Species 3 methods: Morphology ïÆ'   Form and shape ïÆ'   It is simple but there are natural variations in population Read MoreChapters 1-5 Notes Ap Biology3353 Words   |  14 PagesChapter 1: Biology- The study of life A Hierarchy of Organization 1. Molecules 2. Organelle 3. Cell 4. Tissue 5. Organ 6. Organism Emergent Properties- Novel properties that emerge as each step up the hierarchy of biological order is taken. Reductionism- Reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study. Cells- The lowest level of structure capable of performing all the activities of life, all organisms are composed of cells which are the basic units of structureRead MoreCCEA GCSE BIOLOGY unit 1 notes Essay4997 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿BIOLOGY NOTES. UNIT 1: Photosynthesis Photosynthesis Word Equation: Light Carbon Dioxide + Water Oxygen + Glucose Chlorophyll How to test a leaf for starch: 1. 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